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I.
京剧脸谱（Beijing opera types of facial makeup in
operas）
简介(Introduction)：
京剧脸谱，是具有民族特色的一种特殊的化妆方法。由于每个历史人物或某一种类型的人物都有一种大概的谱式，就像唱歌、奏乐都要按照乐谱一样，所以称为“脸谱”。关于脸谱的来源，一般的说法是来自假面具。
Description:
Beijing opera types of facial makeup in operas,
is a special feature of a national cosmetic.
As each historical figure or a certain type
of person has an approximate spectral type,
like sing, play music to the music, so called
“types of facial makeup in operas”. On the types
of facial makeup in operas sources, the general
view is from mask.
京剧脸谱，是根据某种性格、性情或某种特殊类型的人物为采用某些色彩的。红色有脸谱表示忠勇士义烈，如关羽、姜维、常遇春；黑色的脸谱表示刚烈、正直、勇猛甚至鲁莽，如包拯、张飞、李逵等；黄色的脸谱表示凶狠残暴，如宇文成都、典韦。蓝色或绿色的脸谱表示一些粗豪暴躁的人物，如窦尔敦、马武等；白色的脸谱一般表示奸臣、坏人，如曹操、赵高等。
Beijing opera types of facial makeup in operas
are based on certain personality, temperament
or some special types of figures for the use
of certain colors. Red has expressed his Warriors
of strong types of facial makeup in operas such
as Guan Yu, concubines Victoria, regular book;
Black said the types of facial makeup in operas
ming criticized people, integrity, bravery and
even reckless, such as Zheng and Zhang Fei,
Li; Yellow types of facial makeup in operas
that vicious brutality, such as Yu Chengdu,
and Dian Wei. Blue or green types of facial
makeup in operas that some of the figures represented
irritable, such as Dou Ambassador, Ma Wu; General
treacherous court official said the types of
facial makeup in operas white, bad guys, such
as Cao Cao, Zhao higher.
京剧脸谱的色画方法，基本上分为三类：揉脸、抹脸、勾脸。脸谱最初的作用，只是夸大剧中角色的五官部位和面部的纹理，用夸张的手法表现剧中人的性格、心理和生理上的特征，以此来为整个戏剧的情节服务，可是发展到后来，脸谱由简到繁、由粗到细、由表及里、由浅到深，本身就逐渐成为一种具有民族特色的、以人的面部为表现手段的图案艺术了。
Beijing opera types of facial makeup in operas
of color painting methods, basically divided
into three categories : rub face, face towel,
different faces. Types of facial makeup in operas
initial role is exaggerated her role with striking
places and face the veins, using exaggerated
by the performance of dramatis personae of personality,
psychological and physiological characteristics,
and using this to the entire drama circumstances,
but Later types of facial makeup in operas by
Kan to complex, from rough to the small, Youbiaojili,
from shallow to deep, itself becoming a nation
of characteristics, to the facial expression
means for the pictorial arts.
下面开始作画
Next start painting
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II. 剪纸（paper
cutting）
A. 简介(Introduction)
我国自古以来重视人生礼俗中的两大环节：婚仪与丧仪。婚嫁是传统民俗世象中最为丰富的，民间拥有许多关于迎亲、娶亲、撒帐、入洞房等婚嫁仪式规则，这些内容都是我们古老民族的传统美德。剪纸窗花在婚礼中占有重要的地位。谁家儿女正在举行婚礼，新人燕居的房舍就要贴满了这类吉祥祝福的“喜花花”。
China since ancient times to life rites of the
two issues : marriage and funeral rites device.
Marriage is the most traditional folk thing
as rich, many of the civil escort a bride to
the wedding with, and marry her immediately,
and threw accounts, the wedding ceremony, marriage
rules, these elements are ancient ethnic traditional
virtues. Paper cutting window guards occupy
an important position in the wedding. Whose
sons and daughters are being held wedding, the
new premises will be covered Yanju such auspicious
blessings “Hi Huahua”.
B. 步骤（steps）
1. 将纸对折成四等份
into four equally divided parts of the paper
2. 减去阴影部份
minus part of the shadow
3. 对折后减去阴影部份
for the shadow of some of the less
4. 对折后减去阴影部分
for the shadow of some of the less
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